Soil Salinity - A Problem

Soil salinity affects vast areas of Australia's farming land and the area of salt affected land is increasing rapidly. Approximately 32 million hectares of Australia's arable land have been rendered useless by salt. The cost in lost agricultural production is estimated at $3.5 billion per year.

In September 2001, after years of preparation, the Commonwealth Government released The Basin Salinity Management Strategy. This is an important co-operative approach between the Federal Government and the Governments of New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, Queensland and the ACT to attempt to halt the spread of salt and in time to reduce salinity in the Murray-Darling Basin.

"The Murray-Darling Basin is the food bowl of the nation and is a major contributor to Australia's important and burgeoning food export markets. The Basin is home to unique and environmentally significant natural features, many of which are subject to international treaties. Over two million people directly depend on the natural resources of the Basin for their livelihood, and their future prosperity is dependent upon its sustainable management. These values are at risk from salinity."
(extract from Basin Salinity Management Strategy, Annual Implementation Report, April 2003 p.3)

The solution

Salt in soil can only be removed by flushing with water. Magnetised Water applied to salty soil breaks down the salt crystals twice as fast as un-magnatised water allowing the salt to be leached from the soil. The process is lengthy and there is a cost but the cost of not beating this problem is infinitely greater.

Background

Replacement of the natural ecosystems with conventional agriculture has resulted in large-scale disruption of the natural water cycle with severe environmental, economic and social consequences. Key natural resource management issues facing modern agriculture are: Soil and Water quality, Soil Salinity, and Degradation of Riverine Ecosystems.

One of the greatest challenges facing Australia is how to manage natural resources for a healthy future, while much of the landscape has critical salinity and water quality problems:

At least 2.5 million hectares (5% of cultivated land) is currently affected by dry land salinity - this could rise to 12 million hectares (22%) at the current rate of increase.

At least 250,000 ha. of irrigated land (>10% of irrigated land) are presently salt affected out of a total of 2.3 million ha. of irrigated land. There is a potential for serious effects in a further 615,000 ha. over the next 20 years.

One third of Australian rivers are in extremely poor condition - within 20 years Adelaide's drinking water will fail World Health Organisation salinity standards in 2 days out of 5 if no improvement is effected.

Land and water degradation, excluding weeds and pests, is estimated to cost up to $3.5 billion per year. (In addition dry land salinity has adversely affected biodiversity, e.g. the CSIRO estimates a resultant reduction in bird species of 50% in agricultural areas.

Infrastructure (buildings, roads, etc) is being severely damaged in many rural urban centres.

Solutions to the salinity threat will largely depend on reassigning land and water use for the future and the taking of correcting measures, such as reclaimation strategies for both dry land and irrigated or degraded lands affected by saline, saline-alkaline and sodic soils.

Causes of saline and/or sodic soils

Saline and/or sodic soil is caused by four separate conditions:

• high salt in the parent material and low rainfall (low leaching);
• high rainfall with poor internal drainage;
• a high water table that carries salt to the soil surface, and
• a high amount of salt being applied through chemicals, manure and poor quality irrigation water.

Before a reclamation system can be established, the factors causing salt accumulation must be eliminated.

Ions most commonly associated with soil salinity include the anions: chloride (Cl-), sulphate (SO4=), carbonate (HCO3-), and sometimes nitrate (NO3-)and the cations: sodium (Na+), calcium(Ca++), magnesium (Mg++), and sometimes potassium (K+). Salts of these ions occur in highly variable concentrations and proportions.

Effect of salinity on crop production

Plant growth and yield are limited mainly by the soil environment factors. Soil, water, nutrients, salinity, sodicity, structure, temperature, pH, and mineral toxicities can all interact to limit plant growth. In Saline soils although pH (<8.5) and ESP (<15%) are not high, CEC is >4 mmhos/cm and an excess of soluble salt in the subsoil restricts water uptake by crops; in the case of alkalinity there are Nutrient deficiencies (either because of a lack of nutrients, or because roots are unable to access them). The best way of understanding these limitations is to consider them in terms of the interacting factors that directly influence crop growth.

Traditional methods of reclamation of saline and sodic soils

Drainage carries the salts down through the soil profile and out of the rooting zone. Without drainage, salts will accumulate regardless of any applied soil amendments. But the limitation associated with drainage is that it is an expensive operation requiring complex technical knowledge.

Leaching and reclaiming saline soils

Saline soils cannot be reclaimed by any chemicals, conditioner, or fertilizer. Reclamation of these soils consists of simply applying enough high-quality water to leach the soil thoroughly. The water applied should be low in sodium but can be fairly saline (1,500 to 2,000 ppm total salt), as this helps to keep the soil permeable during the leaching process. Generally, about 12 inches of water are required to remove 70 to 80 percent of the salt for each foot of soil.

Limitation: Application of excess water can create extra management problems due to the threat of high water tables, increased expense of irrigation water and difficulty in maintaining adequate levels of soil nitrate for crop growth.

Reclaiming saline and sodic soils

In sodic soils, the exchangeable sodium is sometimes so great that the resulting dispersed soil is almost impervious to water. Sodic soil can be treated by replacing the absorbed sodium with a soluble source of cation i.e. calcium. Calcium may be made available through manipulation with native gypsum already in the soil, calcium in irrigation water (Calcium chloride), or commercial amendments. They may be useful where soil permeability is low due to low salinity, excess sodium, or high carbonate/bicarbonate in the water.

In order to reclaim soil to a depth of one foot, gypsum recommendations are as follows: tons of gypsum per acre = 1.7 X (meq Na/100 g - (CEC X 5%).

Reclamation of a foot depth of sodic soil on one acre requires approximately 1.7 tons of pure gypsum for each milliequivalent of exchangeable sodium present per 100 grams of soil. For example, if soil has a CEC of 20 milliequivalents per 100 grams and 30 percent exchangeable sodium, there would be 6 milliequivalents of sodium per 100 grams of soil. Thus, 10.2 tons of gypsum (6 x 1.7) per acre would be required to reclaim this soil.

If sodic soils contain no source of calcium (gypsum or free carbonates), then gypsum or a soluble calcium source needs to be applied. However, the reclamation process is not complete until most of the sodium is removed from the soil to at least a depth of three to five feet. Even then, more time is required for restoration of good soil productivity.

Limitation: Once the soil structure is completely destroyed, it is slow to return to a desirable condition. Correcting saline and sodic soils requires salt to be leached out of the soil profile. This requires good quality water, good soil permeability and good drainage. Amendments that supply soluble calcium are needed in huge quantity to correct sodic soils.

Solution to Soil Salinity

Magnetised Water Technology

For over 30 years Prof. Yuri Tkachenko and his team of scientists researched the effects of magnetic fields on plants and a method of magneto-hydro dynamical activisation of irrigation waters. From this research exciting new applications have been developed and tested in Europe, Middle East and Australia. The applications include physical- chemical changes of irrigation water parameters, resulting in improvement of filtration properties and in an increase in the dissolving properties of water.

Research shows that these changes result in an increased ability of soil to get rid of salts and results in a better assimilation of nutrients and fertilizer in plants during the vegetation period. Plants irrigated with magnetised water easily take up mineral salts from the soil and no sediment is formed on the soil surface.

The advantages of using magnetic water for irrigating crops are as follows:

• Vegetation period decreases by 15-20 days, therefore the crops ripe 15-20 days earlier than normal 
• Crop production increases from 15% to 100% 
• Plant disease rates dramatically decrease 
• The taste of agricultural products improves

Results of Using Magnetic Water for Soil Desalination

The photographs below show results from an experiment that included using salt water for irrigation of different plants. In each case the salt content of the water was 10000 PPM. The results shown on the left are those where magnetised water was used with seeds that had undergone magnetic treatment. The results on the right are those from the control group where non-magnetised water and untreated seeds were used.

The experiment site. To the left is the test area and to the right is the control.

When irrigating with magnetic water growth rate and soil colour was affected.

Changes in the soil structure of the area irrigated with magnetic water can be seen.

Animal Breeding

Obvious changes in physical and chemical properties of magnetized water could not to have had an effect on the biological properties of water. Based on a wide range of experimental material and results of specialists, "Magnetic Technologies" company states that magnetized water has special biological properties. This statement allowed for our company to develop a method of application of magnetic water in animal-breeding. This allows for an accumulation of protein and not fats in animals' bodies. For example, consumption of magnetic water for drinking purposes of pigs and calves, using our method, results in the formation of less fat depositions and in high quality of meat.

It is known that some cows are difficult to milk which results in slowing down of milking process of a milking machine. Using our method reduces the firmness of the udder and effectively makes it easier to milk. As well as, increases healing effect of the cows suffering from mastitis and increases cows' ability to resist diseases.

Application of magnetic systems and devices produced by "Magnetic Technologies" company allows for a global improvement of the animal-breeding productiveness, that is:

• Increase milk production by approx. 10%
• Increase fat content of milk by 0,13 - 0,15% (standard fat content of milk is 3,2%)
• Increase of average weight gain in calves by up to 35%
• Increase of average weigh gain in piglets by up to 48%
• Increase of average weight gain in lamb by up to 12%
• Increase of average weight gain in rabbits up to 10%
• Improve taste qualities of meat
• Decrease disease and death rates by approx. 2 times

It is important to note that if complex principal is used in animal-breeding, i.e. the provision of magnetic water for drinking purposes of cattle, preparation of food for animals using magnetic water and the use of magnetic water for the growth of green mass for feeding animals (look for agriculture), increase the mentioned above figures.

Choosing magnetic system

The choice of a magnetic system in animal-breeding depends on the diameter of the water pipe-line in your farm.

We offer you the following systems that can be used in your farm:

Magnetic device	Output of a device
Quadro S - 1 (1")	10 m3/hr
Quadro S - 1,5 (1 1/2")	15 m3/hr
Quadro S - 2 (2")	18 m3/hr
Quadro S - 3 (3")	86 m3/hr
Quadro S - 4 (4")	96 m3/hr

Installation

Installation of magnetic devices is exceptionally easy:

A particular device should be installed in a system that supplies water. Measure the diameter of your pipeline and install our device as shown in the figure below.

Magnetic water, acquired by this method, should be used as for drinking of animals, as for the treatment of cows' udder. That will allow you to drastically decrease amounts of bacteria in milk. This water should also be used for hygienic cleaning of buildings where animals live.
Additional information

Installment of special magnetic systems on the main line, that supplies milk after milking the cows, will increase storage time of milk in containers before its consumption by two.

Horticulture

It is known that plants and trees need mineral salts and microelements from the soil to function and photosynthesize properly. However, plants do not use the majority of nutrients that are in soil. While watering plants with normal water, only a small amount of nutritional elements dissolves in the soil and becomes available to the plants. Further consumption of these nutrients from the soil is very rare when plants start to grow and a larger amount of nutrients is required, the deficit of microelements results in low numbers of crop. The deficit of microelements/nutrients in the soil is the main reason for a decreased growth rate and low crop. That is the reason to why magnetic water should be used for irrigation.

In addition, when the plant is watered using hard and non- magnetized water, white coating is formed on the surface of the soil: that is calcium bicarbonate and carbonate. Some of calcium bicarbonate is washed away by water penetrating soil and depositing on the roots of plants. The plant, then, starts to suffocate because of these depositions and in order to continue to feed, forms additional roots. This process results in a decrease of normal growth in plants.

However, plants that are irrigated using water that is treated by "Magnetic Technologies" company, easily take in mineral salts from the soil and no sediment is formed on the soil surface. Also if mineral and organic fertilizers are used, they dissolve better which results in their need for use the decrease by 50% and at the same time, plants still continue to develop without any extra effort. This results in an increased crop production and in an increased quality of agricultural products.

In short, the economic advantage of using magnetic water for irrigating the crops looks like this:

Advantages

• Vegetation period decreases by 15-20 days, therefore the crops ripe 15-20 days earlier than normally.
• Crop production increases from 15-20% to 100%, and in some cases, even more.
• Plant disease rates drastically decrease.
• Taste of agricultural products improves.
• Approximately 30% less water is used for irrigation
• Therefore 30% less energy is used in water pipes.
• Sea water (salty water) can be used for watering (from 6-8 thousand PPM inclusive) and for some cultures, very salty water can be used (from 15 thousand inclusive).
• By magnetizing seeds before sowing and by irrigating them with magnetic water, the need for crop material decreases by min. 30%.
• Average of 30% decrease in fertilizer consumption.
• Active soil desalination takes place, increasing crop production year after year.

Expenses

Expenses that occur during the installment of magnetic systems for 1 hectare of land come up to approximately $750. In addition, our magnetic devices do not need technical maintenance and do not require electrical energy. Life of our devices is min. 25 years. If we divide $750 by 25 years, our expenses will be $30/year. Compare advantages with expenses and draw your own conclusions!

Below, we included reports of various organizations, which use our technology and our devices. These experiments were carried out in different parts of the world, in different climates and on different soil; that gives us the right to say that using magnetic technologies has no limits and limitations when it comes to various conditions and situations.
As we see, the results show that using magnetic water can only be an advantage.

Conditions of experiments

All of the experiments were carried out using the same method. That is a land area was chosen and divided into two equal parts. One part was used as a control and was watered using normal water. The second half had magnetic devices installed. After that, same kinds of seeds were planted in both areas at the same time.
The following changes were recorded:

In plants

Speed of crops' standing.
Percentage of crops standing.
Development of root system.
Difference in green mass.
Development of first flowers.
Development of first fruits.
Quantity of fruits.
Time of collecting the harvest.
Difference in quantity and quality of harvest.

In soil

Amount of salts at different depth of the soil (0-1.5m) before the irrigation process.
Amount of salt in soil while watering with normal and magnetic waters.
Density of water that has flown through the soil.
Speed of filtration in the beginning and at the end.
Washing away of salts while irrigating soil with water.
Washing out of various anions from the soil.

INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH CONFIRMS THE FOLLWOING RESULTS.

The summary of observation result(1)

Description	Growth per day		Difference	% Increase	% Increase per Plant
	With Magnetic devices	Without Magnetic devices
Corn plant
Plant height (cm)	4.32	2.46	1.75 times	75	40%
Total Leaves (sheet)	0.42	0.38	1.11 times	11
Length of Leaves (cm)	3.00	2.07	1.45 times	45
Diameter of Stalk (mm)	0.11	0.08	1.30 times	30
Onion Plant
Plant height (cm)	0.58	0.46	1.25 times	25	74%
Total Leaves (sheet)	0.75	0.33	2.25 times	125
Length of Leaves (cm)	0.53	0.30	1.75 times	75
Diameter of Stalk (mm)	0.09	0.05	1.69 times	69
Rice Plant
Plant height (cm)	0.34	0.23	1.45 times	45	72%
Total Leaves (sheet)	2.75	1.71	1.61 times	61
Length of Leaves (cm)	0.23	0.09	2.67 times	167
Diameter of Stalk (mm)	0.03	0.34	1.14 times	14
Pumpkin Plant
Plant height (cm)	1.18	0.31	1.45 times	45	91%
Total Leaves (sheet)	1.00	0.50	2.00 times	100
Length of Leaves (cm)	0.29	0.18	1.14 times	79
Diameter of Stalk (mm)	0.05	0.02	1.45 times	140
Cucumber Plant
Plant height (cm)	0.49	0.42	1.17 times	17	3%
Total Leaves (sheet)	0.25	0.21	1.20 times	20
Length of Leaves (cm)	0.14	0.16	0.85 times	-15
Diameter of Stalk (mm)	0.05	0.05	0.92 times	-8
Broccoli
Plant height (cm)	0.63	0.26	2.45 times	145	100%
Total Leaves (sheet)	0.33	0.25	1.33 times	33
Length of Leaves (cm)	0.44	0.26	1.71 times	71
Diameter of Stalk (mm)

Poultry Farming

Observations on changes of biological properties of natural water after being magnetized resulted in the development of a method that included providing magnetic drinking water for poultry. Based on this, a scientific research was carried out by the scientists of "Magnetic Technologies" company that described the effect of magnetic water on the growth and development of some bone structures of chickens and animals.

The results of these observations showed, for example, that using magnetic water for drinking purposes of chicks results in an increase in the process of bone formation. As well as, improves morphology of blood. In conclusion, it was clear from the experiments that magnetic water increases growth and development of poultry which is clear from the results: a decrease by 2-3 times of death rates of chicks and an increase of their mass (average weight gain increases by 5-7%), egg-laying qualities by 10%. Also the quality of meat improves. These results show that a high-quality, product can be obtained a few days earlier that usual.

Fish Breeding

Quite a long time ago, many scientists, including scientists from "Magnetic Technologies" company, have proven that molecular structures of a cell, including proteins, depend on and form according to the water surroundings. Many existing facts prove that after magnetic treatment of normal water, many structural changes occur and that is one of the main reasons for magnetic water having special biological properties.

Experiments carried out on various membranes, artificial and biological, have shown strong influence of normal water on permeability of membranes. Membranes' permeability - is crucial when it comes to cellular exchange in living organisms. That was the reason for a "Magnetic Technologies" company to develop a method and produce devices that deal with an increase of fish-breeding rates.

Together with the developed method, water, fish food and small fish should be magnetically treated. Magnetic treatment of water is favorable for fish, it results in an increase of Oxygen content of water by up to 5 gram/liter. Also, magnetic field destroys bacteria in water, resulting in a decrease of diseases in fish by more than 3 times. While treating fish food and small fish with a magnetic field, weight gain in fish increases by approx. 2,2 times, and taste properties of fish also improve.

Installation of magnetic systems in artificial reservoirs for fish-breeding

1. As spray-fountains (fig. 1)

Fig. 1

2. As reverse systems (fig. 2)

Fig. 2

3. Or main pipe line through which water is supplied (fig. 3)

Fig. 3

Choosing magnetic system

The choice of a magnetic system should be done according to the size of reservoir. For example, your reservoir is 60 m3 (refer to the catalogue that describes the output of devices). Then, you will need a device of 1,5" for your reservoir, including that this device will be used for 1 hour daily (magnetic treatment of 1/10 of the whole volume of water in reservoir for fish-breeding, is enough to make all water magnetized).

Fig.4. An easy method of using magnetic device in an aquarium.	Fig. 5. Indonesia. Factory that deals with small fish-breeding, equipped with magnetic devices.

Pre-sowing treatment: seeds

The potential energy of self-preservation in seeds differs at different stages of development. During the harvest collection, seeds also contain different energy levels and not all planted seeds will grow. That is the reason for an increase of the sowing norm, which is taken to the maximum amount of grown seeds for a hectare. Therefore, it results in the excess of costly seed material being used.

However, "Magnetic Technologies" company has developed a new technology and a device that deals with magnetic treatment of seeds before sowing. This technology not only allows spending 30-50% less on the sowing material but also provides an earlier riping of the harvest.

Scientists of "Magnetic Technologies" company have carried out various experiments in different regions, using this technology. It was clear from the results that seeds, which were treated using magnetic field, grow faster. Also the property of magnetic field to activate the process (created by a specific device made by "Magnetic Technologies" company) speeds up protein formation, providing for the growth of roots and activating growth processes in weak seeds.

As the experiments have shown, it is important to note that the vital element while magnetizing seeds is to choose the right lunar phase, and to magnetize seeds affected by fungous diseases during the first half of the day. For example, it is better to magnetize wheat seeds during the new moon, cucumber-during the last quarter of the lunar phase, tomato- in fool moon, carrot- in the first quarter of the lunar phase. In addition, magnetization of seeds can be done as 5 months before sowing as on the same day.

Application of the mentioned above technology in Russia, Ukraine, Byelorussia, Uzbekistan, UAE, Malaysia, Indonesia an Egypt, with a considerable decrease in the riping time and an increase in the quality of vegetables, fruits and cereals, allowed for an increase of harvest by 12-36%, and in some cases up to 100% and more.

We offer a wide choice of devices for magnetization of seeds to our customers. These devices can be used as successfully at home for growing plants and flowers, as in small and large industries (i.e. storehouses, large agricultural companies, etc.). Please call us or email us for more info.

Magnetic Treatment of Seeds

Seeds are a resting system of organs of a future plant. What the plant will be and what results we will get depend upon the quality of this system. Magnetic treatment of seeds is necessary while using the non- standard seeds, for the improvement of seeds' quality, their germination properties and for the stimulation of seeds' growth during vegetation period. The seeds should be treated directly before sowing.

Preparation of Seeds for Magnetizing

Seeds prepared for the treatment before sowing must be from one group with controlled seeds, identical by lineage, reproduction and conditions of storing. Seeds from different layers should be thoroughly mixed and humidity should not be more than 14%. Multiplicity of the treatment is not important.

The physiological method of definition of magnetized seeds' productivity is in measuring the length of the embryonic root. It was experimentally proved that plants with good speed of growth of the embryonic root during transition from heterotrophic to autotrophic type of nourishment are more productive and create more developed root system.

Important: the right choice of Moon phases is the necessary condition of seeds' magnetic treatment and in case seeds are damaged with fungi, magnetic treatment should be done during the first half of the day.

Crop	Wheat	Cucumbers	Tomatoes	Carrots
Moon phase	New Moon	Last quarter	Full Moon	First quarter

Magnetic treatment of seeds can be applied at both methods of sowing:

• Sowing with soaked seed;
• Sowing with unsoaked seeds.

Sowing With Soaked Seeds

Take magnetic funnel and a container to soak seeds in. Pour required amount of water through magnetic funnel into the container and pass the seeds through the magnetic funnel into the container with magnetic water. Leave the seeds in magnetic water foe 30 minutes and, then, pour the water out of the container and pass the seeds through the magnetic funnel again. The seeds are now ready for sowing.

Sowing With Unsoaked Seeds

This method of magnetic treatment of seeds is used for sowing on large industrial areas (grain, wheat, rye, maize, barley, millet, buckwheat, etc.) when seeds' soaking is difficult due to large quantities. In this case, it is enough to pass seeds through a magnetic funnel as shown in the picture.

The results of both methods will be much better if after magnetic treatment of seeds, magnetic water is used for irrigation.

Magnetic funnels for magnetization of seeds:

Application

1. For those who love flowers and grow them at home	Used for magnetization of flower seeds and for irrigation of flowers
2. For stations that grow seeds	Used for magnetization of flower seeds, cereals and vegetable seeds
3. For seed storehouses and main stations that sell sowing seeds	Used for magnetization of all types of sowing material

Bee Keeping

It is known that health of a bee family directly depends on collecting high-quality honey. However, worsening of the environment has led to increased numbers of diseases in bees, called Varoatosis (bee tick). This diseases, at first, leads to a decrease of quality and collection of honey and, then, to the death of a bee family.

Scientists of "Magnetic Technologies" company have carried out a whole complex of investigations and proved a direct interrelation between the effect of weak magnetic fields and health of bees. Based on these results, special magnetic device called "Magnetic threshold", was developed and produced. Together with a device "magnetic threshold", special magnetic device for magnetization of water for bees, should be used.

It is important to note that, in all cases, bees will choose magnetic water for drinking. Practice of using magnetic water for bees is exceptionally easy.

1. Irrigate grass and various plants where bee families are located, using magnetic water. Irrigate as you usually would.
2. Allocate a small container of magnetic water next to bee houses.
3. While preparing nutritional syrup during winter, prepare it using only magnetic water.
4. Before giving the syrup to the bees, magnetize it using our magnetic device.

Using magnetic water and "magnetic threshold" device will allow you to improve:

1. Recovering of biological orientation of bees when looking for and information about places of collecting honey.
2. Normalization of bee's body ability to resist Varoatosis.
3. Increase in working output of bees and larger quantities of honey by up to 25%.
4. Significant increase in the quality of collected honey.

Necessary magnetic devices

Usually, people whose hobby is to keep bees have 10-20 bee families and can use 3 types of devices:

1. "Magnetic threshold" device-according to the number of bee houses
2. Magnetic water transformer 0,5" for irrigation of surrounding area
3. Magnetic funnel - for preparation of nutritional syrup and solutions

Magnetic treatment of ready-to-use honey

As we mentioned above, using magnetic technologies for honey production, you, in all cases, will have higher quality honey that your competitors. But quality of honey will drastically increase and will acquire healing properties, if you will carry out magnetic treatment of the finished product, i.e. honey. Even straight after magnetic treatment you will notice changes in taste, color and smell of honey. This effect is achieved by pouring honey through a magnetic funnel.